Would a Glass of Water Freeze or Boil in Space

Heres a question for you to ponder: Would a glass of water freeze or boil in space? On the one hand, you may think space is very cold, well below the freezing point of water. On the other hand, space is a vacuum, so you would expect the low pressure would cause the water to boil into vapor. Which happens first? What is the boiling point of water in a vacuum, anyway? Key Takeaways: Would Water Boil or Freeze in Space? Water immediately boils in space or any vacuum.Space does not have a temperature because temperature is a measure of molecule movement. The temperature of a glass of water in space would depend on whether or not it was in sunlight, in contact with another object, or floating freely in darkness.After water vaporizes in a vacuum, the vapor could condense into ice or it could remain a gas.Other liquid, such as blood and urine, immediately boil and vaporize in a vacuum. Urinating in Space As it turns out, the answer to this question is known. When astronauts urinate in space and release the contents, the urine rapidly boils into vapor, which immediately desublimates or crystallizes directly from the gas to solid phase into tiny urine crystals. Urine isnt completely water, but youd expect the same process to occur with a glass of water as with astronaut waste. How It Works Space isnt actually cold because the temperature is a measure of the movement of molecules. If you dont have matter, as in a vacuum, you dont have temperature. The heat imparted to the glass of water would depend on whether it was in sunlight, in contact with another surface or out on its own in the dark. In deep space, the temperature of an object would be around -460 °F or 3K, which is extremely cold. On the other hand, polished aluminum in full sunlight has been known to reach 850 °F. Thats quite a temperature difference! However, it doesnt matter much when the pressure is nearly a vacuum. Think about water on Earth. Water boils more readily on a mountaintop than at sea level. In fact, you could drink a cup of boiling water on some mountains and not get burned! In the lab, you can make water boil at room temperature simply by applying a partial vacuum to it. Thats what you would expect to happen in space. See Water Boil at Room Temperature While its impractical to visit space to see the water boil, you can see the effect without leaving the comfort of your home or classroom. All you need is a syringe and water. You can get a syringe at any pharmacy (no needle necessary) or many labs have them, too.   Suck a small amount of water into the syringe. You just need enough to see it -- dont fill the syringe all the way.Put your finger over the opening of the syringe to seal it. If youre worried about hurting your finger, you can cover the opening with a piece of plastic.While watching the water, pull back on the syringe as quickly as you can. Did you see the water boil? Boiling Point of Water in a Vacuum Even space isnt an absolute vacuum, although its pretty close. This chart shows boiling points (temperatures) of water at different vacuum levels. The first value is for sea level and then at decreasing pressure levels. Temperature  °F Temperature  °C Pressure (PSIA) 212 100 14.696 122 50 1.788 32 0 0.088 -60 -51.11 0.00049 -90 -67.78 0.00005 Boiling Points of Water at Different Vacuum Levels Boiling Point and Mapping The effect of air pressure on boiling has been known and used to measure elevation. In 1774, William Roy used barometric pressure to determine elevation. His measurements were accurate to within one meter. In the mid-19th century, explorers used the boiling point of water to gauge elevation for mapping. Sources Berberan-Santos, M. N.; Bodunov, E. N.; Pogliani, L. (1997). On the barometric formula. American Journal of Physics. 65 (5): 404–412. doi:10.1119/1.18555Hewitt, Rachel. Map of a Nation – a Biography of the Ordnance Survey. ISBN 1-84708-098-7.

The Human Immune System Functions - 1165 Words

The Human Immune System Functions By Karen Acevedo Biology II |BIO1021 S02 Professor Kimberly Snead-McDaniel The Immune System and its Functions The human body is a very complex unit, did you know that our body works as a unit so that we can live each day healthy and energized. Well we are going to be talking about the human body and its immune system, and the importance of it. What we need to do to keep it working properly. What can cause things to go wrong and how to try and prevent them from happening? These things are all very important if we want to live a long and healthy life, with no interferences in the way we need to function. Did you know that our body can get many different allergies all depending on where we live? There are also places that have no knowledge or control over different viruses that we have gotten control of that you can bring back if not careful in your travels? These are things to think about, for example in the 1950s the United States came up with a vaccine that was able to take control of the contagious disease known as the measles. By the year 2000, it was i n complete control after the vaccination, but in years 2013 in North Carolina they found 23 people that had come down with the measles. This happened again in 2014, in Ohio there were 68 cases that happened in an Amish community. This happened because the people that were affected not only didn’t have the vaccination, but they had a family members or communityShow MoreRelatedThe Immune System Of The Human Body1257 Words   |  6 Pages Immune System Monica Salazar BIO1021 Dr. Kimberly Snead McDaniel South University Online We are examining the role the immune system plays within the general day to day operation of the human body. Further examination of the impaired immune system s profound negative impact on the whole body system, will also be delineated. The human body has structures and processes inside the body that defend against infection and additional harmful foreign bodies. When working appropriatelyRead MoreThe Roles Of Carbohydrates And Their Cooperation Within The Immune System1508 Words   |  7 Pageswhat is known about the different binding partners of carbohydrates and their cooperation within the immune system, namely microbial (non-self), tumor (altered-self), and host (self). DNA and RNA can be thought of as polysaccharides with phosphate-linked polyribose cores. Without carbohydrates present, it would be impossible for them to form the scaffolding that they require to successfully function. In mammals, it is rare to not have sugars be associated with proteins or lipids, and almost all secretedRead MoreLymphatic And Immune System :831 Words   |  4 PagesLYMPHATIC IMMUNE SYSTEM: The body encounters billions of germs every day and the immune system with all its intricacies fights off these pathogens. The defense mechanism of the human body is complex and fascinating, working all around the clock with its work largely unnoticeable. The immune system, just like any other organ system works in tandem with the other organ systems to maintain homeostasis. The circulating fluids transport the immune cells from one part of the body to another. The endocrineRead MoreHow The Human Body Can Be Understood As An Ecologically Diverse Landscape1431 Words   |  6 PagesThe human body can be understood as an ecologically diverse landscape; not only are we cultivated by our own human cells, most of our body is inhabited by other organisms that range from neutral species to pathogenic dangers. This diverse spectrum of microorganisms is called the human microbiota, and is composed of around 10-100 trillion commensal microbial cells (1). These may include bacteria, fungi, viruses, most of which may be harmless. Microbiota are dispersed throughout our bodies, thoughRead MoreThe Way the Immune System Works Essay1507 Words   |  7 PagesTHE IMMUNE SYSTEM Definition of the Immune System The human immune system is a collective network of tissues, glands, and organs that work in a coordinated effort with each other to guard our bodies from foreign antigens such as viruses, bacteria, and infection causing microorganisms. For the immune system to work properly, two things must happen: first, the body must recognize that it has been invaded, either by pathogens or toxins or by some other threat. 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Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, recognize special indicators on the entities which are called antigens. When the immune system recognizes a foreign substance in the body, it sends antibo dies to attack them. Antigens have specific structures that are recognized by certain antibodiesRead MoreHow The Body s Health Defenses Or Immunity?1242 Words   |  5 Pageson a tightrope of potential disaster. Exactly the same holds true with the human body, a system that is so basic yet at once intricate in its operation and processes. Without our body ss built-in system of defense against bacteria, infections, germs, viruses and other foreign bodies, our bodily organs and essential bodily functions could very well be just time bombs waiting to explode. However thanks to our immune system, our body s critical line of defense against diseases, infections and otherRead MoreOutline and Evaluate Research Into the Relationship Between the Immune System and Stress Related Illness827 Words   |  4 Pagesrelationship between the immune system and stress related illness The main function of the immune system is to protect the body from infectious agents such as viruses and other toxins. The immune system can fail us in two ways-either by becoming under-vigilant, letting infections enter the body, or over-vigilant, so that it is the immune system itself, rather than an infectious agent that causes illness. Most studies of the relationship between stress and the immune system have focussed on acute(iRead MoreTo humans, having a healthy immune system is essential. Our immune system is important because it900 Words   |  4 PagesTo humans, having a healthy immune system is essential. Our immune system is important because it helps the body fight any foreign bacteria, viruses, and diseases by attacking it, which is why we must take care of it as much as possible by strengthening it. But this so called defense system can also cause problems such as attacking donated organs or blood from another individual, unless the organs or blood are carefully matched. It may also overreact to harmless invaders such as pollen grains, which

Kinds of Outline Free Essays

What is an OUTLINE? An  outline  is an organizational tool used by writers to gather thoughts so that they can be clearly laid out in an essay or book. Many writers feel that creating an  outline  is the key to effective writing, and it certainly makes the writing process more efficient and focused. By creating an  outline  for a piece of writing, the author ensures that all the pieces of the puzzle are presented in a logical, clear order, and that they flow well, drawing the reader to a logical conclusion. We will write a custom essay sample on Kinds of Outline or any similar topic only for you Order Now An  outline  can also be used to identify and eliminate potential areas of  weakness  or lack of focus in a paper. Although an  outline  is rarely required for a piece of writing, it can be extremely helpful. Papers which are written with the assistance of an  outline  tend to be of a higher quality, because of the greater level of organization. For this reason, outlines should be among the tools which every writer knows how to use. Outlines help writers to organize what they are going to say before they write it. 2. What are the kinds of outline?The most common type of outline is called the  Alphanumeric Outline. Alpha as in alphabet and Numeric as in Numerals – it’s the one that uses a combination of numbers and letters to organize your thoughts. I. Start with Roman Numbers for Largest Headings A. Then use Capital Letters 1. Then use Arabic Numbers a. Then use small letters II. Continue In This Fashion Until the Outline Is Finished Full-sentence outlines, as the term suggests, use complete sentences on each line of the outline. These can take longer to write, but they do give a much more thorough idea of what is going to be in the final paper. Topic outlines list the main topic or idea of each line, but do not make complete sentences. Some call the Roman numerals above a-heads, the capitalized letters, b-heads, and so on. Some writers also prefer to insert a blank line between the a-heads and b-heads (N. B. these people keep the b-heads and c-heads together, though). I. Why do over 80% of today’s companies monitor their employees? A. To prevent fraudulent activities, theft, and other workplace related violations. B. To more efficiently monitor employee productivity. C.To prevent any legal liabilities due to harassing or offensive communications. II. What are the employees privacy right’s when it comes to EM/S (Electronic Monitoring and Surveillance) in the workplace? A. American employees have basically no legal protection from mean and snooping bosses. 1. There are no federal or State laws protecting employees 2. Employees may assert privacy protection for their own personal effects. A less common type of outline is the  Decimal Outline. This uses numbers, and each sub-heading has the number of the heading as part of it.This outline is used if you have a long, complicated outline and need to instantly be able to tell exactly where each section goes in the whole picture. Thesis statement: — 1. 0 Main Topic 1. 1Subheading 1. 2 Subheading 2. 0 Main Topic 2. 1 Subheading 2. 1. 1 Supporting Detail 2. 1. 2 Supporting Detail 2. 1. 3 Supporting Detail . . . . . . . . . 3. What is a Thesis Statement? A thesis statement tells the reader how you will interpret the significance of the subject matter under discussion. It is a road map for the paper; in other words, it tells the reader what to expect from the rest of the paper.It directly answers the question asked of you. A thesis is an interpretation of a question or subject, not the subject itself. The subject, or topic, of an essay might be World War II or Moby Dick; a thesis must then offer a way to understand the war or the novel. It makes a claim that others might dispute. It is usually a single sentence somewhere in your first paragraph that presents your argument to the reader. The rest of the paper, the body of the essay, gathers and organizes evidence that will persuade the reader of the logic of your interpretation. 4. How similar or different is it from a main idea?The main difference is that â€Å"thesis† is generally used by teachers when referring to nonfiction works (you find them in history books and science books) while a â€Å"theme† is used when referring to a literary work (fiction). A thesis is stated plainly and early in a nonfiction work, while a theme is an idea or message that you get once you’ve read the book and you’ve taken some time to reflect on its meaning. The main idea, or thesis, should give your readers a clear and specific idea of your topic. The main idea can be thought of as a one or two sentence summary of the whole writing project. 5. What is an Action Research? Action research is known by many other names, including participatory research, collaborative inquiry, emancipatory research, action learning, and contextual action research, but all are variations on a theme. Put simply, action research is â€Å"learning by doing† – a group of people identify a problem, do something to resolve it, see how successful their efforts were, and if not satisfied, try again. While this is the essence of the approach, there are other key attributes of action research that differentiate it from common problem-solving activities that we all engage in every day.A more succinct definition is that an action research aims to contribute both to the practical concerns of people in an immediate problematic situation and to further the goals of social science simultaneously. Thus, there is a dual commitment in action research to study a system and concurrently to collaborate with members of the system in changing it in what i s together regarded as a desirable direction. Accomplishing this twin goal requires the active collaboration of researcher and client, and thus it stresses the importance of co-learning as a primary aspect of the research process.What separates this type of research from general professional practices, consulting, or daily problem-solving is the emphasis on scientific study, which is to say the researcher studies the problem systematically and ensures the intervention is informed by theoretical considerations. Much of the researcher’s time is spent on refining the methodological tools to suit the exigencies of the situation, and on collecting, analyzing, and presenting data on an ongoing, cyclical basis.Several attributes separate action research from other types of research. Primary is its focus on turning the people involved into researchers, too – people learn best, and more willingly apply what they have learned, when they do it themselves. It also has a social dimension – the research takes place in real-world situations, and aims to solve real problems. Finally, the initiating researcher, unlike in other disciplines, makes no attempt to remain objective, but openly acknowledges their bias to the other participants. How to cite Kinds of Outline, Papers

Surprising Never Knew About Warren Buffett -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Surprising Never Knew About Warren Buffett? Answer: Introducation Warren Buffett, one of the most dominant investor around the globe was born on 30th August, 1930. At present he is working as the CEO of Berkshire Hathaway and is commonly referred as the Oracle of Omaha. He is solely responsible for the overall growth of the company and for it to become one of the biggest conglomerates internationally with over 60 companies together with Duracell, Dairy Queen and Geico. Globally, he is the second wealthiest with the net worth of around $76.9 billion. At the early age of 11, he started trading in share market and was an official taxpayer by the age of 13 proving his passion for tax effectiveness. By the time he turned 16, he made huge revenue which is around $53,000 in current dollars (Elkins, 2015). During his teenage days, he made more money than his teachers and seniors by doing few businesses such as paper delivery, selling stamps and old golf balls etc. Considering his huge success, no one can ever imagine that he was refused admission at the Ha rvard University and chose Columbia University where his icons Benjamin Graham and David Dodd were teaching. Since he was not Jewish, Benjamin Graham refused to employ him for a particular post. But he was persistent. Being reluctant at public speaking, he took a Dale Carnegie course on the same of around $100 at the age of 21. Warren Buffay-Some Interesting Facts One more interesting fact about Warren Buffett is that despite of being a billionaire, he has been residing in the same house in Omaha since 1958 which he initially bought for around $31,500. In this era of advanced technology, he still makes use of Nokia flip phone instead of smart phone and doesnt makes use of computers and internet which is clear from the fact that he has mailed only once in his entire life which was sent to Jeff Raikes of Microsoft and ended up in controversy(Kirkham, 2014). He spends around 12 hours in a week to play bridge. He is an avid reader and spends most of his time reading. He follows unhealthy lifestyle in terms of eating and drinking coke. With a 9.3% share, his company is the biggest shareholder in Coca Cola (Leadem, 2016). Inspite of the fact that he had always been victorious, his net worth was $3.8 billion more on his 60th birthday which shows that around 94% of his capital was gained much later in his life. The GDP of Uruguay is projected to be lo wer than his net value. Not only is he recognized as a successful investor but is also considered as a generous donor. He created The Giving Pledge in the year 2010 together with Bill and Melinda Gates to request richest group globally to donate greater part of their assets for good and social cause. In the year 2016, he promised to contribute 85% of its companys shares steadily to charitable organizations. Because of his generosity, he has been recognized with the Presidential Medal of Freedom which is the biggest national award. He also has contributed huge amount to The Apple Campus. Buffett has always been exceptional in his performance. He stands at number one and has the biggest record in thrashing the market amongst all the top investors (Holodny, 2014). Berkshire Hathaway is the biggest investor with 24% shares in The Washington Post (WPO) as Buffett has always been connected with the company from his high school days (Reed, 2011). In relation to shares and stock market, Buffett has always followed a straightforward and uncomplicated approach. Instead of possessing numerous of diverse securities, his company comprises of shares from around 30 companies inclusive of American Express, Johnson Johnson, Kraft, Wells Fargo, Procter Gamble, Coca Cola, Wal-Mart and ConocoPhillips. With his philosophy of relating success with love rather than money, it makes him more appealing and renowned worldwide and is so popular that people pay in millions just to have food with him. The investing magnate splurges economically although he receives around $100,000 from his com pany yearly. Being guided by his own certain principles which he uses in investment, he has given some really interesting and motivational quotes related to the same. One such quote is: Accounting is the language of business, and you have to learn it like a language To be successful at business, you have to understand the underlying financial values of the business. Key Points Related To Successful Investment Warren Buffet gives exceptional advice on successful investment. First and the most important advice given by him is that if one cannot perceive a particular business, no investments should be made in that business. An individual working in an organization will have more knowledge about its business and related companies in that area. However, the investment market is huge with diverse companies and it is very difficult to know and predict each and every companys future prospects in shares. According to him, it is not possible to have a view for the whole market. Thus, even if one is investing in such field, it should be done with alertness. This is proven in case of Warren Buffett as he has always been reluctant in investing in technology field with an exception of IBM (ValueWalk, 2017). Another important advice that he gave was relating to the quality of business. There should not be any negotiation in the quality of business. Having an experience of over 50 years, he believes that high class companies give more development opportunity in future than the low class ones. This he learnt by wrongly investing in low priced texting industry long time back. Hence, investment should be made in high quality companies for long term and steady returns. Return on invested capital is the best way to judge the companys quality. Moving further, Buffett always had a concerted group of shares. He gives valuable direction to investors to keep on to their shares for the entire life. It is difficult to find a suitable good quality business to invest and such business provides good prospects for future and increases its worth with the course of time. Also, rudiments take time for the share prices to be favourable. Further, continuous trading in securities may incur lower profits as major earnings will be lost in duty and commission (Simply Safe Dividends, 2016). Thus, investment is the game of persistence. Hence, one should plan to hang to their shares rather than planning to invest for a specified period of time. Further, he guides that a person should not possess more than 20 to 40 securities in diverse companies to have favourable returns. Before investing one should take into contemplation constructive long-standing monetary distinctiveness, fair and competent administration, striking purchasing control in opp osition to worth and knowledge about the company. Hence, it is better to be conservative and investing in few companies rather than owning large number of stocks. As by investing in diversity, one may loose on to profits by investing in few average industries. The investing tycoon also enlightens investors with a significant opinion on monetary news that impacts them. He guides that one should not pay much attention to the news as a person invests in a particular company for a long period of time and it is bound to have some minor and major fluctuations. However, one should clearly understand what impact fiscal news have on them in long term as almost all news is clamour which is proven in his case as he did not sell cokes shares despite of the reports of companys shares dropping by 4% due to momentary causes. Further, as per him investment is not at all straightforward, but at the same time it is not that complicated. It is not a simple game wherein a person always wins with approving results. Also, one should not get tricked by people who pronounce to have full knowledge about the stock market. Moving forward, he adds, an individual should have the capability of differentiating amid price and value as price is what an investor is paying and value is the return of the investment. Stock market is always fluctuating but it not necessarily has a long term effect. According to the billionaire, it is better to invest in companies who are established than in stirring companies which are trying to establish themselves. It will be more rewarding to gain profits with the course of time. Hence, it is constructive to follow an uninteresting path with slow and steady growth. He also believes that it is more advisable to invest more in low-cost index funds than in any government fund. Lastly, he counsels to invest in truthful and experienced organization. Conclusion At the end, we conclude that Warren Buffett has given some useful and experienced insights on investment. Every investor should follow them for positive returns. Undoubtedly, he is one of the most popular and successful personalities around the world. Not only is he a victorious investor, but also a great philanthropist. He is known worldwide for his charitable work. As per him, one should not invest in a hurry, should always invest in high quality business for lifetime, should invest in few known companies without paying much attention to financial news, should be able to differentiate amid price and value, should not be attracted by new and thrilling companies and should invest in low-index funds. By following his guidance any investor can become successful. References: Kirkham, E. (2014). 21 Surprising Facts You Never Knew About Warren Buffett. Retrieved from https://www.gobankingrates.com/net-worth/21-fun-never-knew-warren-buffett/ Elkins, K. (2015). 22 mind-blowing facts about Warren Buffett and his wealth. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.in/22-mind-blowing-facts-about-Warren-Buffett-and-his-wealth/articleshow/49082296.cms Leadem, R. (2016). 24 Surprising Facts About Warren Buffett. Retrieved form https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/290381 Holodny, E. (2014). 17 facts about Warren Buffett and his wealth that will blow your mind . Retrieved form https://finance.yahoo.com/news/warren-buffett-facts-about-his-wealth-193006548.html Reed, B. (2011). 10 Warren Buffett Facts You Wont Believe Are True. Retrieved from https://www.nasdaq.com/article/10-warren-buffett-facts-you-wont-believe-are-true-cm97581 ValueWalk. (2017).Top 10 Investment Tips from Warren Buffett- the Most Successful Investor in the World. Retrieved from https://www.valuewalk.com/2017/03/top-10-investment-tips-warren-buffett-successful-investor-world/ Simply Safe Dividends (2016). Warren Buffetts Top 10 Pieces of Investment Advice. Retrieved from https://www.simplysafedividends.com/warren-buffett-investment-advice